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--- skills:network [2026/06/17 13:25] – [Application-Layer Protocols] phong2018
+++ skills:network [2026/06/17 13:29] (current) – phong2018
@@ Line 121: / Line 121: @@
 **Purpose:** Deliver data between processes.
-==== Transport-layer protocols.====
+^ Feature ^ TCP ^ UDP ^
+| Full Name | Transmission Control Protocol | User Datagram Protocol |
+| Connection Type | Connection-oriented | Connectionless |
+| Reliability | Reliable delivery with ACK and retransmission | Best effort, no delivery guarantee |
+| Message Ordering | Preserves packet order | No ordering guarantee |
+| Error Recovery | Automatic retransmission | No retransmission |
+| Flow Control | Yes (sliding window) | No |
+| Congestion Control | Yes | No |
+| Overhead | Higher | Lower |
+| Latency | Higher | Lower |
+| Speed | Slower due to reliability mechanisms | Faster due to minimal overhead |
+| Header Size | 20–60 bytes | 8 bytes |
+| Communication Style | Continuous connection between client and server | Independent datagrams |
+| Typical Use Cases | Web applications, databases, messaging systems | Real-time communication, gaming, streaming |
-==== TCP ====
+^ Common Protocols and Applications ^ Transport Layer ^
+| HTTP/1.1 | TCP |
+| HTTP/2 | TCP |
+| WebSocket | TCP |
+| Redis (RESP) | TCP |
+| RabbitMQ (AMQP) | TCP |
+| Apache Kafka Protocol | TCP |
+| SMTP | TCP |
+| FTP | TCP |
+| SSH | TCP |
+| DNS | UDP (primarily), TCP (zone transfer and large responses) |
+| VoIP | UDP |
+| Online Games | UDP |
+| WebRTC | UDP |
+| QUIC | UDP |
+| HTTP/3 | QUIC over UDP |
-* Connection-oriented
+^ Summary ^ TCP ^ UDP ^
-* Reliable delivery
+| Main Goal | Reliability and correctness | Speed and low latency |
-* Ordered messages
+| Best For | Data that must not be lost | Data that must arrive quickly |
-* Retransmission support
+| Example | File download, API requests, email | Video call, live stream, multiplayer game |
+| Real-world Analogy | Registered mail with delivery confirmation | Radio broadcast |
-Used by:
-* HTTP/1.1
-* HTTP/2
-* WebSocket
-* Redis
-* RabbitMQ
-* Kafka
-==== UDP ====
-* Connectionless
-* Faster
-* No delivery guarantee
-Used by:
-* DNS
-* VoIP
-* Online games
-* WebRTC
-* QUIC (HTTP/3)
 ===== Layer 3: Network =====