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====== Golang Type System Overview ======

This page explains the main categories of types in Go, their purpose, and when to use them.

===== 1. Basic Types =====

Basic types are primitive data types provided by the Go language.

==== Examples ====

int

float64

bool

string

==== Explanation ====
Basic types store simple values such as numbers, booleans, and text.

int: stores whole numbers

float64: stores decimal numbers

bool: stores true or false

string: stores text (UTF-8 encoded)

==== Notes ====

Primitive /ˈprɪmɪtɪv/: basic built-in data type

UTF-8 /ˌjuːtiːɛf ˈeɪt/: variable-length text encoding

===== 2. Alias Types =====

Alias types are alternative names for existing types.

==== Examples ====

byte (alias of uint8)

rune (alias of int32)

==== Explanation ====
Alias types do not create new types.
They exist to improve code readability and express developer intent.

byte: used for raw or binary data

rune: used for Unicode characters

==== Notes ====

Alias /ˈeɪliəs/: another name for the same type

Unicode /ˈjuːnɪˌkoʊd/: universal character standard

===== 3. Composite Types =====

Composite types are built from multiple values.

==== Examples ====

array

slice

map

struct

==== Explanation ====
Composite types allow grouping and organizing data.

Array: fixed-size collection of elements

Slice: dynamic view over an array

Map: key-value data structure

Struct: collection of named fields

==== Notes ====

Composite /kəmˈpɒzɪt/: made from multiple parts

Dynamic /daɪˈnæmɪk/: size can change

===== 4. Reference Types =====

Reference types store memory addresses instead of values.

==== Examples ====

pointer

==== Explanation ====
Pointers allow functions to:

Modify values outside their scope

Avoid copying large data structures

Pointers use the * and & operators.

==== Notes ====

Pointer /ˈpɔɪntər/: variable holding a memory address

Memory address /ˈmɛməri əˈdrɛs/: location in memory

===== 5. Behavior Types =====

Behavior types define what an object can do, not what it is.

==== Examples ====

function

interface

==== Explanation ====

Function: executable block of code

Interface: defines a set of method signatures

Interfaces are implemented implicitly in Go.

==== Notes ====

Behavior /bɪˈheɪvjər/: actions or capabilities

Implicit /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/: not explicitly declared

===== 6. Concurrency Types =====

Concurrency types support parallel execution.

==== Examples ====

channel

==== Explanation ====
Channels enable safe communication between goroutines.

They can be:

Unbuffered

Buffered

Channels help prevent race conditions.

==== Notes ====

Concurrency /kənˈkʌrənsi/: multiple tasks at the same time

Race condition /reɪs kənˈdɪʃən/: unsafe concurrent access

===== 7. Error Type =====

The error type is a built-in interface for error handling.

==== Examples ====

error

==== Explanation ====
Errors represent failure states and are returned explicitly from functions.

Go encourages explicit error handling instead of exceptions.

==== Notes ====

Explicit /ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/: clearly stated

Exception /ɪkˈsɛpʃən/: error handling mechanism not used in Go

===== Summary =====

Category	Purpose
Basic	Store simple values
Alias	Improve readability
Composite	Group data
Reference	Share memory
Behavior	Define actions
Concurrency	Enable parallelism
Error	Handle failures