What it is: The smallest sound units that change meaning. What it’s for: Avoid misunderstandings and improve listening accuracy. Example: /b/ vs /p/: “bat” vs “pat”

• /θ/ (think) vs /t/ (tin)
• /ð/ (this) vs /d/ (day)
• /ʃ/ (she) vs /s/ (see)
• /v/ (very) vs /w/ (water) (practice lip/teeth vs rounded lips)

• 1) Listen → 2) Repeat → 3) Record → 4) Compare
• Use minimal pairs (see page below).

• *phoneme* /ˈfəʊniːm/: âm vị
• *misunderstanding* /ˌmɪsʌndəˈstændɪŋ/: hiểu lầm
• *accuracy* /ˈækjərəsi/: độ chính xác