What it is: Techniques to keep conversations going smoothly. What it’s for: Speak with confidence even when you don’t know some words. Example: Ask for clarification: “Could you say that again?”

• Ask to repeat: “Sorry, could you repeat that?”
• Ask to clarify: “What do you mean by…?”
• Confirm understanding: “So you mean…, right?”
• Buy time: “Let me think…”
• Paraphrase: Say the idea in different words.
• Use examples: “For example…”

• A: “We need to reschedule.”

B: “Sorry, what does ‘reschedule’ mean?”

• A: “Next Wednesday.”

B: “So you mean Wednesday the 7th, right?”

• *clarify* /ˈklærɪfaɪ/: làm rõ
• *confirm* /kənˈfɜːm/: xác nhận
• *paraphrase* /ˈpærəfreɪz/: diễn đạt lại
• *reschedule* /ˌriːˈʃedjuːl/: dời lịch