What it is: Different performance/cost options for EBS volumes.

What it’s for: Choose the right balance of throughput, IOPS, and price.

Common types (exam-friendly overview):

• gp3/gp2: general purpose SSD (balanced).
• io2: high IOPS SSD for mission-critical DBs.
• st1: throughput-optimized HDD (big sequential data).
• sc1: cold HDD (cheapest HDD, infrequent access).

Exam cues:

• “high IOPS database” → io2.
• “large sequential workloads” → st1.

Hard words:

• *IOPS* /ˈaɪɑːps/: số thao tác I/O mỗi giây
• *throughput* /ˈθruːpʊt/: thông lượng
• *sequential* /sɪˈkwenʃl/: tuần tự