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What it is: Helping verbs like can, could, may, might, must, should, will. What it’s for: Express ability, permission, advice, obligation, possibility. Example: “You should drink more water.”

• Modal + base verb (V1)
  1. can go, should study, must wear
• Negative: cannot/can’t, should not/shouldn’t, must not/mustn’t
• Questions: Can you…? Should we…?

• can: ability/permission → “I can swim.” / “Can I sit here?”
• must: strong obligation → “You must wear a helmet.”
• should: advice → “You should sleep earlier.”
• might/may: possibility → “It might rain.”

• *modal* /ˈməʊdl/: động từ khuyết thiếu
• *permission* /pəˈmɪʃən/: sự cho phép
• *obligation* /ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃən/: nghĩa vụ/bắt buộc
• *possibility* /ˌpɒsəˈbɪləti/: khả năng có thể xảy ra